Oracle Database 12c installation on Ubuntu 16.04

This article describes how to install Oracle 12c 64bit database on Ubuntu 16.04 64bit.

Download software 

Download the Oracle software from OTN or MOS or get a downloaded zip file.

• OTN: Oracle Database 12c Release 1 (12.1.0.2) Software (64-bit).
• edelivery: Oracle Database 12c Release 1 (12.1.0.2) Software (64-bit) 

Unpacking 

You should have following two files downloaded now.

linuxamd64_12102_database_1of2.zip
linuxamd64_12102_database_2of2.zip

Unzip and copy them to

\tmp\databases

NOTE: you might have to merge two unzipped folders to create a single folder.

Create new groups and users

Open a terminal and execute following commands. you might need root permission.

groupadd -g 502 oinstall
groupadd -g 503 dba
groupadd -g 504 oper
groupadd -g 505 asmadmin

Now create the oracle user

useradd -u 502 -g oinstall -G dba,asmadmin,oper -s /bin/bash -m oracle

You will prompt to set to password. set a momorable password and write it down.
(mine is oracle)

 

Install required packages

Lets set Ubuntu Extra Packages Repo for

• libpthread-stubs0
• libmotif4
• libtiffxx5

echo 'deb http://cz.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise main universe' >> /etc/apt/sources.list.d/extra.list

apt-get update

Now execute this script to install all required packages.

apt-get install alien autoconf automake autotools-dev binutils doxygen \
elfutils expat gawk gcc gcc-multilib g++-multilib libstdc++6:i386 ksh less libtiff5 \
libtiff5-dev lib32z1 libaio1 libaio-dev libc6-dev libc6-dev-i386 libc6-i386 \
libelf-dev libltdl-dev libmotif4 libodbcinstq4-1 libodbcinstq4-1:i386 \
libpthread-stubs0 libpth-dev libstdc++5 lsb-cxx make \
pdksh openssh-server rlwrap rpm sysstat unixodbc unixodbc-dev x11-utils \
zlibc libglapi-mesa:i386 libglu1-mesa:i386 libqt4-opengl:i386 \
libpthread-workqueue0 libpthread-workqueue-dev libzthread-2.3-2 libzthread-dev \
libpthread-stubs0-dev libaio-dev

 

DB Directory Permissions

Lets set oinstall group to access  oracle installation.

chown -R oracle:oinstall /tmp/database

 

Host file

Host file should contain the fully qualified name for the local server.

Open hosts file

cat /etc/hosts

It should have a record similar to following

127.0.0.1    localhost

 

Grant Connection to X Server

You need this step to load installation UI as oracle user

Test the x server

xclock

If you see a clock running you are good to go

Now run

xhost

Result should be

xhost SI:localuser:nuwan
(nuwan is my user name)

Now let oracle user to access xhost

xhost +SI:localuser:oracle

 

Symlinks to Binaries and Libraries

Linking Binaries

ln -s /usr/bin/awk /bin/awk
ln -s /usr/bin/rpm /bin/rpm
ln -s /usr/bin/basename /bin/basename

Linking Libraries

ln -s /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu /usr/lib64
cd /lib64
ln -s /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libgcc_s.so.1 .

 

Make Target Directories

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/12/dbhome_1
chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01
chmod -R 775 /u01

Setup configuration parameters

Add Oracle 12c Kernel Parameters 

Open

nano /etc/sysctl.conf

Add to the end of the file

#### Oracle 12c Kernel Parameters ####
fs.suid_dumpable = 1
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmax = 536870912
kernel.shmmni = 4096
# semaphores: semmsl, semmns, semopm, semmni
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default=4194304
net.core.rmem_max=4194304
net.core.wmem_default=262144
net.core.wmem_max=1048586

Oracle User Settings 4 Oracle 12c

nano /etc/security/limits.conf

#Add the following lines
#### oracle User Settings 4 Oracle 12c ####
oracle       soft  nproc  2047
oracle       hard  nproc  16384
oracle       soft  nofile 1024
oracle       hard  nofile 65536
oracle       soft  stack  10240

Add Paths to oracle’s .bashrc

Login as Oracle

su oracle

Edit .bashrc file

nano ~/.bashrc

Insert:

# Oracle Settings
TMP=/tmp;
export TMP TMPDIR=$TMP;
export TMPDIR ORACLE_HOSTNAME=127.0.0.1;
export ORACLE_HOSTNAME
ORACLE_UNQNAME=DB12C;
export ORACLE_UNQNAME
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle;
export ORACLE_BASE
ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/12/dbhome_1;
export ORACLE_HOME
ORACLE_SID=SID;
export ORACLE_SID
PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH;
export PATH
PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH;
export PATH
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib:/usr/lib64;
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH
CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib;
export CLASSPATH

Installation

Load the New Kernel Parameters.

/sbin/sysctl -p

Load New .bashrc Settings

source ~/.bashrc

Installation

chmod -R +x /tmp/database
/tmp/database/runInstaller

 

UI Steps

Configure Security Updates

    --next

 

As the Ubuntu isn't a OS supported by oracle this error occurs, click yes.

Installation options
    --create and configure db
    --next

system class
    --server class
    --next

Grid installation options
    --single instance
    --next

Install type
    --advance install
    --next

Product languages
    --engish
    --next

Database edition
    --standard edition one
    --next


Installation location
    --no change
        --ORACCLE_BASE /u01/app/oracle
        --software location /u01/app/oracle/product/12/dbhome_1
    --next

Create inventory
    --no change
        --inventry directory /u01/app/oraInventory
    --next

Configuration type
    --no change
        --general purpose
    --next

Database identifier
    --note
        --global database name - orcl
        --oracle system identifier SID - SID
    --unchecked Create as Container database option
    --next

Configuration options
    --note
        -- Enable Automatic Memory Management: TRUE
        --defoult charset
    --next

Database storage
    --note
        --database file location - /u01/app/oracle/oradata

Management options
    --next

Recovery options
    --next

Specify schema passwords
    --select : Use the same password for all accounts
        --SYS,SYSTEM,DBSNMP
    --PWD: nuwan
    --next

Privileged operating groups
    --next

Summary
    -- save response file
    --install

Installation Begins

Once you clicked on install button real installation begins. After this point you expect a lot of errors can't ignore. When you see a error message don't abort or skip, just refer the troubleshooting section.

NOTE: make sure you do all these changes in a new terminal.

 

Troubleshooting

Issue: links proc gen_pcscfg procob issue

#in a new terminal

su oracle
rm -rf $ORACLE_HOME/lib/stubs/
nano $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/lib/env_rdbms.mk

#rename

    LINKTTLIBS=$(LLIBCLNTSH) $(ORACLETTLIBS) $(LINKLDLIBS)
    LINK=$(FORT_CMD) $(PURECMDS) $(ORALD) $(LDFLAGS) $(COMPSOBJS)
    LINK32=$(FORT_CMD) $(PURECMDS) $(ORALD) $(LDFLAGS32) $(COMPSOBJS)
    TG4PWD_LINKLINE= $(LINK) $(OPT) $(TG4PWDMAI) \
       $(LLIBTHREAD) $(LLIBCLNTSH) $(LINKLDLIBS)
    RMAN_LINKLINE=$(LINK) $(OPT) $(S0MAIN) $(SSKRMED) $(SKRMPT) \
        $(LLIBDBTOOLS) $(LLIBCLIENT) $(LLIBSQL) $(LLIBPLSQL) \
        $(LLIBSNLSRTL) $(LLIBUNLSRTL) $(LLIBNLSRTL) \
        $(LLIBSLAX) $(LLIBPLSQL) $(LIBPLCN) $(LINKTTLIBS)
#to
    LINKTTLIBS=$(LLIBCLNTSH) $(ORACLETTLIBS) $(LINKLDLIBS) -lons
    LINK=$(FORT_CMD) $(PURECMDS) $(ORALD) $(LDFLAGS) $(COMPSOBJS) -Wl,--no-as-needed
    LINK32=$(FORT_CMD) $(PURECMDS) $(ORALD) $(LDFLAGS32) $(COMPSOBJS) -Wl,--no-as-needed
    TG4PWD_LINKLINE= $(LINK) $(OPT) $(TG4PWDMAI) \
       $(LLIBTHREAD) $(LLIBCLNTSH) $(LINKLDLIBS) -lnnz12
    RMAN_LINKLINE=$(LINK) $(OPT) $(S0MAIN) $(SSKRMED) $(SKRMPT) \
        $(LLIBDBTOOLS) $(LLIBCLIENT) $(LLIBSQL) $(LLIBPLSQL) \
        $(LLIBSNLSRTL) $(LLIBUNLSRTL) $(LLIBNLSRTL) \
        $(LLIBSLAX) $(LLIBPLSQL) $(LIBPLCN) $(LINKTTLIBS) -lons

Issue: ins_net_server.mk

nano /u01/app/oracle/product/12/dbhome_1/network/lib/ins_net_server.mk

# change

    tnslsnr: $(S0NSGL) $(SNSGLP) $(NSGLPNP)
    $(SILENT)$(ECHO) " - Linking $(TNSLSNR)"
    $(RMF) $@
    $(TNSLSNR_LINKLINE)

# to

    tnslsnr: $(S0NSGL) $(SNSGLP) $(NSGLPNP)
    $(SILENT)$(ECHO) " - Linking $(TNSLSNR)"
    $(RMF) $@
    $(TNSLSNR_LINKLINE) -lnnz12 -lons

nano /u01/app/oracle/product/12/dbhome_1/rdbms/lib/ins_rdbms.mk

# change

    $(ORAPWD_LINKLINE)

# to

    $(ORAPWD_LINKLINE) -lnnz12

nano /u01/app/oracle/product/12/dbhome_1/rdbms/lib/env_rdbms.mk

# change

    ORACLE_LINKLINE=$(ORACLE_LINKER) $(PL_FLAGS) $(ORAMAI) $(SSORED) $(TTCSOI) \
    $(ORACLE_KERNEL_LIBS) $(LINKLDLIBS)

# to

    ORACLE_LINKLINE=$(ORACLE_LINKER) -Wl,--no-as-needed $(PL_FLAGS) $(ORAMAI) $(SSORED) $(TTCSOI) \
    $(ORACLE_KERNEL_LIBS) $(LINKLDLIBS)

Issue:  Error in invoking target 'install' of makefile '/u01/app/oracle/product/12/dbhome_1/network/lib/ins_net_server.mk'.

nano /u01/app/oracle/product/12/dbhome_1/network/lib/ins_net_server.mk

$(TNSLSNR_LINKLINE)

to

$(TNSLSNR_LINKLINE)  -lnnz12 -lons

Installation Ends

Finally we have finished all the linking errors.

Now as per the instructions run the following commands with root / root equivalent user:

    --/u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
    --/u01/app/oracle/product/12/dbhome_1/root.sh

        --       Copying dbhome to /usr/local/bin ...
                   Copying oraenv to /usr/local/bin ...
                   Copying coraenv to /usr/local/bin ...
           --/etc/oratab file

Database Configuration
    --wait till end
    --EM Database Express URL - https://127.0.0.1:5500/em
    --server parameter file - spfileOraSID.ora
    --ok

Setting permission

On Database Configuration, there's a link to password management.

Set single password for all
sys system dbsnmp
(mine is nuwan)

Post Installation task

To start listener run following as oracle user

    $ORACLE_HOME/bin/lsnrctl start

To start database run following

    sqlplus /nolog
    connect sys as sysdba
    STARTUP;
    EXIT;

Done

Start em
    https://127.0.0.1:5500/em

Login to em
    I can log in as
       user sys
       pwd nuwan

If you can logged into the system successfully
Yes we have completed the installation successfully.